Glossary

A

Active Power

The active power is the power, which is taken in an alternating current circuit of ohmic resistance and i.e. is transcribed in heat.

Aggregator

An aggregator is a supplier, who has not an own balancing group. He concludes a supply agreement with a responsible of a balancing group and attaches his costumers to the regarding balancing group.

APC

Advanced Process Control (APC) is a term for different kinds of process control tools. These tools e.g. are used to solve multivariable control problems.

APRED

Is a redundancy protocol for secure communications between automation systems. It creates always two communication channels (master & slave).

Automation Designer

The SIMATIC Automation Designer is a graphical configuration tool that enables you to configure production plants, including the integration of CAD plans.   > read more (external link)

C

Cos phi

Cos phi specifies which part of the power is reactive power and which part is active power. In energy supply companies are aimed for a preferably high power factor to prevent transmission loss. Cos phi must be 1 in ideal case.

E

Energy Supply Company

Energy Supply Company is an enterprise, which either generates electrical power or distributes the electrical power to the public electricity network or organizes the provision of natural gas or heat.

ESM

Electrical Switching and Monitoring

Ethernet TCP/IP

TCP/IP is a network protocol, the basis for communication in a network (e.g. the internet). TCP/IP stand for Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol. Ethernet includes amongst others also the specification for cable types and specific plugs.

F

FPGA

FPGA stands for "Field Programmable Gate Array" and is used as a term for integrated circuits (IC) in digital technology.

Fuzzy Logic

Is a theory, using human knowledge to illustrate usual values as true or false as well as imprecise values as "maybe" or "perhaps".

H

HMI

Human-Machine Interface

I

Industrial Ethernet

Is the name given to the use of the Ethernet protocol in an industrial environment, for automation and production machine control.

Isolated network

At this, it is a matter of power generation facility, which must be gone not exactly in operation in parallel with a network. The facility has separate equipments to generate the necessary supply voltage i.e. 400 volt and frequency of 50Hz. Such equipments are absolutely essential in hospitals and clinics.

L

LMS

The Load Management System is a fast (contingency) load shedding. The fast shut down results from the identification of a critical plant condition, i.e. in the case of a generator power switch, a failure of the extern line entry or a forbidden falling frequency.

Load

A load is termed hardware and equipment, which take up the electrical energy.

Load management

The load management is responsible for the overall optimization power supply, including the preparation of assignment schedules for power stations as well as the preparation of desired value schedules for the sales department. In addition, the load management takes off all matters of balancing groups.

Load shedding

The challenge is to control the contractual arranged power limiter. If the system diagnoses a potential overstepping in the trend calculation, the energy output must be cut down on. This is archived by the locking of loads (load shedding). If the limit falls below a value loads could be disconnected. The order for the locking and the disconnection of the loads is arranged in a priority list.  > EGS

M

MES

Manufacturing Execution System. A System solution for efficient controlling of manufacturing processes.

Modbus

The modbus protocol is a communication protocol, which is based on a master/slave as the case maybe client/server architecture. It was created for the communication with programmable logic controller. The modbus has expanded to a de facto standard in the industry.

N

Neural Network

Neural Networks are self-learning systems using pattern detection to achieve better and better results.

O

OPC

Openess Productivity Collaboration. Standardized software interface which specifies the communication of real-time plant data between control devices from different manufacturers.

P

PCS 7

"PCS 7" and "SIMATIC PCS 7" is a Distributed Control System (DCS). For further information visit:

PGS

Power Generation System

Power factor

The power factor is the quotient of active power and apparent power.Note: The power factor is a measure in which scale in addition to active power as well reactive power is taken.

Power switcher

A power switcher is a switcher to close or to open an electric system under operating conditions and failure conditions.

Priority list

The priority list manages connection and disconnection of the loads. The list is worked on the locking of the loads top down and on the disconnection in reversed order. (siehe > EGS)

PROFIBUS DP

Process Field Bus is a standard for the field bus communication in the automation technology. The short cut DP stand for decentralized periphery. The Profibus DP stand up for the material related system level as well as for the sensor actuator level.

PROFIBUS PA

Process Field Bus is a standard for the field bus communication in the automation technology. Profibus PA is used in fields with a high risk of explosions.

PROFINET

Is the open industrial ethernet standard of PROFIBUS & PROFINET International (PI) for automation. PROFINET uses TCP/IP and it standards. It is real-time compatible and protects investments by a problem-free integration of field bus systems.

R

Reactive power

Reactive power is the electrical power, which is used to configure a varying magnetic field (i.e. in motor, transformers) or an alternating electrical field (i.e. in condensers). The reactive power is inductive by predominate magnetic field (i.e. spools) and by predominate electrical field (i.e. condensers) capacitive. The reactive power loads with the addition of the active power the power line and all resources.

S

SIMATIC S7

A SIMATIC S7 is a programmable logic controler of the SIMATIC family, created by SIEMENS and used as an modular automation system.

Subscriber agreement

 The subscriber agreement includes the parameter demand rate, energy rate and cycle duration. The energy utility supplies a defined work in defined cycle duration. Although, it is valid to which time the agreed energy quantity is used up inside of the cycle period. It emerges from the overstepping higher costs. The power limiter calculates of the defined work inside of the cycle period and describes an average value. By the prevention of power limiter and equalization of energy supply can be arranged with the energy supply company to lower power limiter – the energy cost will be reduced.

W

WinCC

WinCC (Windows Control Center) is a modular system for visualisation and controlling of processes, created by SIEMENS.  > read more(external link)